CDC Centers for Disease Control & Prevention
US Centers for Disease control & Prevention report on the various types of disinfectants used in healthcare facilities, with an indepth comparison of the pros and cons of various types of disinfectants used.
https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/disinfection-methods/chemical.html
Examples of disinfectants used are : Alcohol, Chlorine and Chlorine compounds, Formaldehyde, Hydrogen Peroxide, Quaternary Ammonium compounds etc.
Chlorine based NaDCC
NaDCC — Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate or Troclosene Sodium 50:50
The advantage of these free available chlorine compounds over the hypochlorites (bleach) is that they retain chlorine longer and so exert a more prolonged bactericidal effect.
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate tablets are stable, and for two reasons, the microbicidal activity of solutions prepared from sodium dichloroisocyanurate tablets might be greater than that of sodium hypochlorite solutions containing the same total available chlorine.
First, with sodium dichloroisocyanurate, only 50% of the total available chlorine is free (HOCl and OCl–), whereas the remainder is combined (monochloroisocyanurate or dichloroisocyanurate), and when free available chlorine is used up, the latter is released to restore the equilibrium. Therefore disinfection will be more thorough.
Microbicidal Activity.
Low concentrations of free available chlorine (e.g., HOCl, OCl–, and elemental chlorine-Cl2) have a biocidal effect on mycoplasma (25 ppm) and vegetative bacteria (<5 ppm) in seconds in the absence of an organic load 329, 418. Higher concentrations (1,000 ppm) of chlorine are required to kill M. tuberculosis using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) tuberculocidal test 73. A concentration of 100 ppm will kill ≥99.9% of B. atrophaeus spores within 5 minutes . One study reported that 25 different viruses were inactivated in 10 minutes with 200 ppm available chlorine 72. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of diluted sodium hypochlorite and other disinfectants to inactivate HIV 61. Chlorine (500 ppm) showed inhibition of Candida after 30 seconds of exposure 54. In experiments using the AOAC Use-Dilution Method, 100 ppm of free chlorine killed 106–107 S. aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, and P. aeruginosa in <10 minutes 327.
